legal research
legal research (2)法律文献检索 指查找和收集有关某一法律问题的法律根据〔authorities〕。亦指为法律检索目的而有效地编排和整理关于某一法律问题的法律根据方面的研究。 (3)法律研究 指对法律问题及与法律相关的问题作系统的探讨与考察。在各主要法学院及一些研究机构都有从事法律研究的项目或研究人员。有一些研究结果可能会用于支持或反对某项法律改革。在司法方面，也存在一些将深入探讨的法律研究用于准备某些评论要点，或供法官撰写判决参考之用。
Search Results for: LEGAL RESEARCH
computer-assisted legal research
computer-assisted legal research 〈美〉计算机辅助的法律检索 将法规及有关案件判决等输入计算机作为基础资料以帮助法律检索。目前使用的系统大多采取全文录入式，即把文件的每一个字都录入基础资料中，查找资料需通过有关键词的检索来进行。各类别的所有资料可通过一个特别关键词来浏览。为便于有效查询，须十分小心地选择关键词，以防将无关资料混入。为选择好关键词，设计了很多先进手段。目前在美国使用的官方资助的系统包括：空军〔Air Force〕开发管理的联邦电子法律信息〔F.L.I.T.E.(Federal Legal Information Through Electronics)〕系统；司法部开发管理的司法救助与调查系统〔J.U.R.I.S.(Justice Retrieval and Inquiry System)〕。私人资助的系统包括：韦氏出版公司〔West Publishing Company〕开发管理的Westlaw系统和米德数据中心〔Mead Data Central〕开发管理的L.E.X.I.S.系统。
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legal research
legal research. 1. The finding and assembling of authorities that bear on a question of law. 2. The field of study concerned with the effective marshaling of authorities that bear on a question of law.
legal writing institute
Legal Writing Institute. A nonprofit corporation founded in 1984 to promote the exchange of information and ideas about the teaching of legal writing. • It is composed mainly of legal-writing teachers at American law schools. Like its sister organization, the Association of Legal Writing Directors, it seeks to improve the teaching of legal writing through
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legal positivism
legal positivism, n. The theory that legal rules are valid only because they are enacted by an existing political authority or accepted as binding in a given society, not because they are grounded in morality or in natural law. • Legal positivism has been espoused by such scholars as H.L.A. Hart. See POSITIVE LAW. Cf.
association of legal writing directors
Association of Legal Writing Directors. A nonprofit corporation composed of the directors and former directors of law-school legal-writing programs, mostly in the United States. • Created in 1996 to improve those programs, it supports research and scholarship; holds a biennial conference; conducts (with the Legal Writing Institute) an annual survey of the programs; maintains a
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westlaw
Westlaw. A West database for computer-assisted legal research, providing online access to legal resources, in-cluding federal and state caselaw, statutes, regulations, and legal periodicals. — Abbr. WL.
clerkship
clerkship. 1. A type of internship in which a law student or recent law-school graduate assists a lawyer or judge with legal writing, research, and other tasks. • In many common-law jurisdictions, recent law-school graduates are required to complete clerkships as a condition of admission to the bar. [Cases: Courts 55. C.J.S. Courts §§ 107–109.]
file
file, n. 1. A court’s complete and official record of a case (the associate went to the courthouse to verify that the motion is in the file). 2. A lawyer’s complete record of a case (the paralegal stored the file in three drawers in her office). 3. A portion or section of a lawyer’s case
key number system
key-number system. A legal-research indexing system developed by West Publishing Company (now West) to catalogue American caselaw with headnotes. • In this system, a number designates a point of law, allowing a researcher to find all reported cases addressing a particular point by referring to its number.